Molecular catalysis involves catalysts that accelerate chemical reactions without being consumed, playing a vital role in industries like chemical manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, and fuel synthesis. It improves efficiency by lowering activation energy, reducing energy consumption, and minimizing waste, thus enhancing sustainability. Catalysts can be homogeneous (same phase as reactants) or heterogeneous (different phase), and include biological enzymes and transition metal complexes. Recent advancements focus on developing catalysts for CO2 reduction, selective hydrocarbon oxidation, and biomass conversion, offering solutions to environmental challenges like climate change and resource sustainability, while improving the efficiency and selectivity of chemical processes.

Molecular catalysis involves catalysts that accelerate chemical reactions without being consumed, playing a vital role in industries like chemical manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, and fuel synthesis. It improves efficiency by lowering activation energy, reducing energy consumption, and minimizing waste, thus enhancing sustainability. Catalysts can be homogeneous (same phase as reactants) or heterogeneous (different phase), and include biological enzymes and transition metal complexes. Recent advancements focus on developing catalysts for CO2 reduction, selective hydrocarbon oxidation, and biomass conversion, offering solutions to environmental challenges like climate change and resource sustainability, while improving the efficiency and selectivity of chemical processes.